Democratic Republic of Congo

Songye

Wood, metal, fiber, kaolin paste, cloth, rattan
Early 20th century
Length: 21 inches
Idiophone – Struck Directly  – Slit Drum

This impressive male fetish figural slit drum ‘nkishi’ originates from the Songye, in the southern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. ‘Nkisi’ plays the role of mediator between gods and men.  This smaller  specimen was the property of an individual or family, while larger figures were collective property of an entire village.  In the 16th century, the Songyes migrated from the Shaba region to settle on the left bank of the Lualaba.  Their society is organized in a patriarchal way. Their history is inseparable from that of the Luba to whom they are related though common ancestors. This impressive figural slit drum is used during secret ceremonies. 

Ritual organic ingredients called ‘boanga’ were introduced into the horn on top of the head.   Strips of metal and metal tacks adorn the face, while nails are protruding from the top and sides of the head.   Kaolin paste is shown around the eyes and braided rattan ropes are tied around the neck.   Deep incised geometric  carvings are shown on all four sides of the resonator body and there is a large slit opening only on the left side of the resonator.  A fiber woven bag is draped around the legs and the feet are mounted on a wooden base. These power figures are used in rituals to ensure success, fertility, wealth, and to protect people against hostile forces such as lightening, as well as diseases.