Southwestern DRC, with Angola border to their west
Yaka

Wood, raffia, pigment
Early – Mid 20th century
Height: 28 in; Width: 17 in; Depth: 10 in
Other – Regalia – Mask 

The Yaka people of Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo have a male initiation society known as Makunda or N’khanda.  This society deals with circumcision, hazing, and teaching young boys to become men.  During the initiation period, which may last a year or more, adolescent boys are separated from the village and made to undergo a series of ordeals to measure their strength and courage. These tests often culminate in the boys’ symbolic transition from childhood to adulthood.

After initiation, the boys are led out of seclusion and back into the community.  Before festivities can begin, the head teacher (kahyuudi or kayudi) commissions a carver (nkalaweeni or mvumbwa) to create a series of masks. Many types of masks are worn or danced in succession during the final initiation feast including:  Kambaandzya; Tsekedi; Mweelu; Ndeemba; and Kholuka.

This is the Ndeemba, an abstract human face with bulging eyes carved of wood.  There are two phallic rods that come out of the helmet in opposite directions (like two horns), and an inverted cone on the very top.  Several various line and dot patterns are painted on the hat; the basic colors being red, blue, and white.  Another feature is the full raffia headdress, which extends from the back of the head to the sides of the face all around and down from the chin.

Resource:  https://www.maskmuseum.org/mask/yaka-kholuka-2/