DRC (SW) and Angola
Yaka

Wood, white kaolin paste, fabric, cowrie shells
ca. Mid-20th century
Length: 23.25  inches
Aerophone – Edge-blown – Flute/Whistle

The Yaka are an ethnic group of Southwestern Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola. They live in the forest and savanna areas between the Kwango and Wamba Rivers. Many of their religious and cultural customs transcend ethnic boundaries, and are shared with the Suku and Lunda. This Yaka (Bayaka) flute is fashioned into a “nkisi” power figure (anthropomorphic), with its long, exaggerated upward-hooked nose, and open mouth exposing teeth. This is a common detail of the “nkisi masks, but there is no decisive explanation for this nose. One source supposes that it is an allusion of the elephant’s trunk. In general, power figures differ from ancestor figures because they are created for a particular function. They derive their power through ritual use of substances, which are believed to have power. The red cloth symbolizes life force and is attached to the top of the head and lower body/abdomen. Yaka power objects are to protect one from misfortunes, to heal or to bring success. Musical instruments, which combine whistles with human forms, are found in various areas of Africa.